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| Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be prevented or cured by calorie restriction and intermittent fasting. Experimental and clinical evidence: Intermittent feeding attenuates clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2010 Jan;2(1):47-52. Kafami L1, Raza M, Razavi A, Mirshafiey A, Movahedian M, Khorramizadeh MR. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory, demyelinating disease of human central nervous system. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the commonly used animal model of MS. Calorie restriction has been found to reduce inflammation and autoimmune responses and promote neuroprotection. In this study we evaluated the effects of intermittent feeding protocol of the calorie restriction in a mouse model of EAE. Fifty four female mice (C57BL/6) were used in this study. The animals were divided into two dietary groups: ad libitum (AL) (n = 29) with free access to food and water and intermittent feeding (IF) (n = 25) with access to food on alternate days. After 8 weeks, EAE was induced in animals by immunization with MOG antigen (Hooke labs, Lawrence, MA, USA) subcutaneously. AL and IF groups were then further divided into two groups each: AA (ad libitum until the end of study) (n = 16) and AI (subjected to intermittent feeding regimen after immunization day) (n = 13). The IF group was divided into II (continued intermittent feeding regimen until the end of study) (n = 13) and IA (changed to AL regimen after immunization day) (n = 12). All the animals were behaviorally monitored for 35 days after immunization and observed daily for the signs and severity of disease with EAE scoring scale [0-5] and cumulative disease index (CDI) score. Intermittent feeding significantly reduced the incidence of EAE in IF groups (AI 0%, II 18.5%, IA 22.2%, p < 0.05). In addition, intermittent feeding significantly delayed the onset of EAE in AI group (p < 0.05) and also, intermittent feeding significantly reduced the severity of disease in II and IA groups (AA vs. II, p < 0.05 & AA vs. IA p < 0.05) groups. The CDI was also significantly reduced in intermittent feeding fed groups [AI, II and IA compared to AA group (P < 0.05, <0.01, <0.05 respectively)]. Intermittent feeding regimen protocol of the calorie restriction significantly suppressed EAE incidence, induction, and severity. The results of this study suggest possible role of intermittent feeding in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis patients. A Diet Mimicking Fasting Promotes Regeneration and Reduces Autoimmunity and Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms. Cell Rep. 2016 Jun 7;15(10):2136-46. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.05.009. Epub 2016 May 26. Choi IY1, Piccio L2, Childress P3, Bollman B2, Ghosh A4, Brandhorst S1, Suarez J1, Michalsen A5, Cross AH2, Morgan TE1, Wei M1, Paul F6, Bock M6, Longo VD7. Dietary interventions have not been effective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we show that periodic 3-day cycles of a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) are effective in ameliorating demyelination and symptoms in a murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. The FMD reduced clinical severity in all mice and completely reversed symptoms in 20% of animals. These improvements were associated with increased corticosterone levels and regulatory T (Treg) cell numbers and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TH1 and TH17 cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Moreover, the FMD promoted oligodendrocyte precursor cell regeneration and remyelination in axons in both EAE and cuprizone MS models, supporting its effects on both suppression of autoimmunity and remyelination. We also report preliminary data suggesting that an FMD or a chronic ketogenic diet are safe, feasible, and potentially effective in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients (NCT01538355). Fasting-mimicking diet shows promise against MS Written by Catharine Paddock PhD Published: Friday 27 May 2016 New research concludes that a diet mimicking the effects of fasting should be further investigated as a potential treatment for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. It reduced symptoms in mice, and even reversed them in some animals. Early results of a pilot trial in human patients also suggest the fasting-mimicking diet is safe, feasible, and potentially effective. The research, led by the University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles, is published in the journal Cell Reports. Senior investigator and professor Valter Longo, who directs the Longevity Institute at USC's Davis School of Gerontology, says they found the fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) triggers a cellular death-and-life process that appears critical for bodily repair. He explains: "During the fasting-mimicking diet, cortisone is produced and that initiates a killing of autoimmune cells. This process also leads to the production of new healthy cells." Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system gradually disrupts the blood-brain barrier and attacks the myelin sheath of proteins and fats that insulates nerve fibers in the spinal cord and brain. As the unpredictable disease progresses, the onslaught on the myelin sheath eventually causes the electrical signals carried by the nerves to leak out. This gives rise to symptoms that get worse and worse, ranging from mild numbness in the arms and legs to paralysis and blindness. MS is thought to affect around 2.3 million people worldwide. In the United States, estimates suggest around 350,000 Americans have MS. For more info: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/310597.php |
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